BlockBeats news, October 9: Cardano founder Charles Hoskinson posted a rebuttal to Vitalik Buterin's views on post-quantum cryptography from two days earlier. Vitalik argued that AI-accelerated mathematical research could weaken the concrete security of lattice-based cryptography, including ML-DSA and FHE, and said that Ethereum's lean roadmap is therefore shifting to pure hash-based signatures; he also suggested scaling lattice-based key sizes by about 10x and, for privacy protocols, keeping encrypted notes off-chain as much as possible.
Hoskinson said this judgment lacks a nameable attack and cost model. The number field sieve cannot be simply analogized to lattice problems; the parameters of ML-KEM and ML-DSA already account for decades of sieve and enumeration attacks, and quantum attacks on ideal lattices have not touched current modular lattice schemes; by contrast, hashes such as Poseidon used by Ethereum have stronger algebraic structure themselves. Hoskinson argued that abandoning the already deployed hybrid ML-KEM before an attack appears would instead leave traffic on classical cryptography for longer, exacerbating the "harvest now, decrypt later" risk.